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        中性甜玉米飲料增稠劑的篩選及穩定性研究

        發(fā)布時(shí)間:2025-06-06 23:40:12   來(lái)源:作文大全    點(diǎn)擊:   
        字號:

        摘 要 以pH中性的甜玉米飲料為研究對象,通過(guò)單因素實(shí)驗篩選出中性條件下穩定性作用顯著(zhù)、高溫耐熱的親水膠體,對其進(jìn)行正交試驗分析,并對優(yōu)化的甜玉米飲料增稠劑配方進(jìn)行驗證試驗;同時(shí),研究其黏度、貯藏穩定性和流變學(xué)特性,采用模糊數學(xué)法對產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量進(jìn)行感官指標綜合評價(jià)。結果表明:玉米原汁含量20%的中性甜玉米飲料穩定劑的最佳配方為黃原膠 ∶ 海藻酸鈉 ∶ 魔芋膠=0.03‰ ∶ 0.01‰ ∶ 0.06‰,離心沉淀率為3.50%,黏度為27.20 mPa·s;通過(guò)此配方生產(chǎn)產(chǎn)品,可以極大地減少增稠劑用量、降低生產(chǎn)成本,從而提高產(chǎn)品的商品性、經(jīng)濟性;最終產(chǎn)品體系均一,適口性好,具有獨特的甜玉米風(fēng)味。

        關(guān)鍵詞 甜玉米飲料;親水膠體;正交試驗;中性

        中圖分類(lèi)號 TS201.1 文獻標識碼 A

        Screening and Stability of Neutral Sweet Corn Beverage Thickener

        CHENG Yuan, LIU Zhongyi*, WU Jijun, YU Yuanshan, XU Yujuan, XIAO Gengsheng

        1 College of Chemical Engineering, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, Hunan 411105, China

        2 Sericultural & Agri-Food Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences /

        Key Laboratory of Functional Foods, Ministry of Agriculture / Guangdong Key Laboratory of

        Agricultural Products Processing, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510610, China

        Abstract Sweet corn beverage that consists of solid particles suspended is an unstable colloidal suspension. In this work, a study was undertaken on the statically layered rate and formulation of the beverage. Meanwhile, the viscosity and rheological properties were described. Sensory evaluation on the quality of sweet maize beverage was conducted by applying fuzzy mathematics method. The colloids with stable stability, neutral stability and heat resistance under acidic conditions were screened out using a single factor experiment and an orthogonal test. In conclusion, a blend stabilizer consisting of xanthan, sodium alginate and konjac gum in ratio of 0.03‰ ∶ 0.01‰ ∶ 0.06‰ was taken as the juice stabilizer which had the lowest serum separation and highest viscosity during storage compared with the juice containing other stabilizers. Moreover, sensory evaluation demonstrated that the beverage received the highest score in terms of color, mouth feel, homogeneity and overall quality.

        Key words Sweet corn beverage; hydrophilic colloids; orthogonal test; neutral

        doi 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2017.08.028

        甜玉米因其風(fēng)味獨特、含有類(lèi)胡蘿卜素、維生素、多酚及膳食纖維等多種營(yíng)養成分,近年來(lái)深受廣大消費者青睞。廣東省是國內最先生產(chǎn)甜玉米的省份,2014年種植面積達22.0萬(wàn)hm2,其種植面積占全國種植面積的66%以上,占全世界種植面積的14%左右[1]。隨著(zhù)種植面積和產(chǎn)量的不斷增加,以甜玉米為原料開(kāi)發(fā)了系列加工產(chǎn)品如甜玉米罐頭[2-3]、速凍玉米粒[4]、鮮榨甜玉米漿[5]和甜玉米飲料[6]等。

        甜玉米飲料作為新型飲品將營(yíng)養與時(shí)尚相結合,滿(mǎn)足現代人快節奏的生活、營(yíng)養和心理需求[7],更受廣大消費者的歡迎。目前主要是在餐飲店將其打漿榨汁后直接飲用,商品化的保質(zhì)期較長(cháng)的甜玉米飲品則較少。該產(chǎn)品主要技術(shù)難點(diǎn)為飲料呈pH中性,對加工生產(chǎn)環(huán)境要求較高,處理不當容易因產(chǎn)氣脹罐或滋生平蓋菌而出現酸敗現象,這要求采用高溫殺菌工藝才能使其長(cháng)期保存;而采取此工藝時(shí),由于甜玉米富含蛋白質(zhì)、淀粉、纖維素等大分子物質(zhì),殺菌后這些成分在重力作用下易發(fā)生沉降[8],所以經(jīng)過(guò)殺菌的甜玉米飲料在貯藏過(guò)程中易出現析水分層、聚結和絮凝沉淀現象[9],致使產(chǎn)品感官品質(zhì)降低。目前已有學(xué)者就不同穩定劑對單一或復合玉米飲料及產(chǎn)品品質(zhì)的影響做過(guò)一些研究工作[10-13],但對復合穩定劑作用的pH條件及殺菌前后其性能變化方面的研究卻報道較少。因此,本研究對多種親水膠體的熱穩定性進(jìn)行了研究,以期篩選出中性條件下穩定性作用顯著(zhù)、高溫耐熱的親水膠體,在此基礎上進(jìn)行穩定劑復配實(shí)驗,利用不同親水膠體間的協(xié)同作用增效,以減少其用量,降低成本,提高產(chǎn)品商品性。

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