2021,年12,月大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四、六級作文試題評析（一）

文/ 賈從永

Directions:Suppose your school is organizing an orientation program to help the freshmen to adapt to the new environment and academic studies. You are now to write a proposal, which may include its aim, duration, participants,activities. You will have 30 minutes to write the proposal. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.

這道大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級作文題目假設學(xué)校為了幫助新生適應新的環(huán)境和學(xué)習，正在組織一次迎接新生的活動(dòng)，要求考生為這次迎新活動(dòng)寫(xiě)一份計劃書(shū)，包括迎新活動(dòng)的目的、時(shí)間、參加者和活動(dòng)等。

這份計劃書(shū)本質(zhì)上是一篇說(shuō)明文。我們寫(xiě)這份計劃不能眉毛胡子一把抓，要突出重點(diǎn)，而各項迎新活動(dòng)就是本文的重點(diǎn)內容。本文可以寫(xiě)三個(gè)段落。第一段先介紹寫(xiě)作背景——學(xué)校為了幫助新生適應新的環(huán)境和大學(xué)階段的學(xué)習，正在組織一次迎接新生的活動(dòng)。第二段首先指出這次迎新活動(dòng)將持續三天，然后依次介紹每天的活動(dòng)內容。第一天：在導游的帶領(lǐng)下游覽校園，以幫助學(xué)生更好地了解學(xué)校的設施；
為了讓新生在新環(huán)境里感到舒適自在，晚上安排一場(chǎng)晚會(huì )。第二天：參觀(guān)校史館?；仡檶W(xué)校的歷史可以幫助學(xué)生深刻理解學(xué)校的核心價(jià)值觀(guān)。第三天：學(xué)校的各個(gè)社團開(kāi)展一系列的講座。這些講座為新生探索興趣愛(ài)好提供所需的信息。第三段先總結全文，指出成功的迎新活動(dòng)能夠幫助新生快速地適應新環(huán)境。然后預測自己的這個(gè)迎新計劃將會(huì )是活躍氣氛的好時(shí)機，并能幫助新生更好地適應大學(xué)生活。下面請看參考范文：

Our school is organizing an orientation program to help the freshmen to adapt to the new environment and academic studies. Here is my proposal for welcoming the new students of the coming fall semester.

The orientation program will last from September 1 to 3. Day 1: A guided tour of the campus. This is to help the new students know more about our school’s amenities. A party is arranged in the evening to make the freshmen feel at home in the new environment. Day 2: A visit to the University History Museum. A review of the school’s history helps foster a clear understanding of our school’s core values. Day 3: A series of lectures given by the clubs and associations of our school. This will provide the freshmen with the information and resources they need to fully explore their interests.

A good orientation program helps the freshmen to adjust quickly to the new environment. I’m sure my scheme will be a useful ice-breaker and get the newcomers well prepared for their university life.(173 words)

語(yǔ)言亮點(diǎn)借鑒：

1. A party is arranged in the evening to make the freshmen feel at home in the new environment. 晚上安排一場(chǎng)晚會(huì )，以便讓新生在新環(huán)境里感到舒適自在。feel at home 感覺(jué)舒適自在。

2. A review of the school’s history helps foster a clear understanding of our school’s core values.回顧校史有助于充分理解我們學(xué)校的核心價(jià)值觀(guān)。values 價(jià)值觀(guān)。

3. I’m sure my scheme will be a useful ice-breaker and get the newcomers well prepared for their university life. 我相信我的計劃將會(huì )有效地活躍氣氛，并讓新生為他們的大學(xué)生活做好充分的準備。ice-breaker 活躍氣氛的活動(dòng)。

Directions:Comment on the phenomenon and suggest measures to address the issue. Young people spend a lot of time on the Internet. However they are sometimes unable to recognize false information on the internet, judge the reliability of online information sources, or tell real news stories from fake ones.

這道大學(xué)英語(yǔ)六級作文試題屬于分析現象型，其特點(diǎn)是提供一個(gè)社會(huì )現象，請考生分析這一現象并提出解決措施。我們一般沿著(zhù)提出問(wèn)題、分析問(wèn)題、解決問(wèn)題的思路把作文寫(xiě)成三個(gè)段落。

第一段先指出現象，如今的年輕人不能區分網(wǎng)上信息的真假，為了言之有據，接著(zhù)引用一項研究或調查的統計數據作為支撐。第二段分析這個(gè)社會(huì )現象。分析一個(gè)社會(huì )現象有兩個(gè)最常見(jiàn)的思路：一是分析原因，即分析為什么年輕人不能區分網(wǎng)上信息的真假？二是分析影響，即分析年輕人不能區分網(wǎng)上信息的真假會(huì )造成怎樣的后果？我們一般選擇最容易下筆的思路來(lái)展開(kāi)分析。就本文而言，我們不妨從分析原因的角度展開(kāi)。為了使分析充分詳實(shí)，我們要善于從不同的方面或層面論述。比如，本文可以從以下兩個(gè)方面分析年輕人不能區分網(wǎng)上信息真假的原因：第一，年輕人缺乏批判思維；
第二，網(wǎng)上的信息量巨大。這兩個(gè)方面都要略作展開(kāi)。我們在分析原因時(shí)不能泛泛而論，而要緊緊扣住年輕人這個(gè)主體，否則就是扣題不緊。這道作文試題要求考生分析現象并提出解決措施，但這兩個(gè)方面并非同等重要。我們一般把分析現象作為寫(xiě)作重點(diǎn)，把提出措施作為次要內容。這是因為，只有在充分地分析了原因的基礎上提出的措施才具有針對性和可行性。

本文宜用措施法結尾，即結尾段指出如何解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題。我們可以先指出，盡管有人擔憂(yōu)，但因特網(wǎng)仍然是年輕人獲得信息的最重要的來(lái)源，然后提出學(xué)校和大學(xué)要投入更多的精力培養學(xué)生的批判思維能力，從而提升他們的信息素養。下面請看參考范文：

Currently there is a growing concern over young people’s inability to recognize false information on the Internet. In a recent survey, as many as 41%of teens polled said they cannot tell the difference between fake news stories and real ones.

Lacking critical thinking is the main culprit. Young people today get little if any training in thinking critically at school. As a result, most of them have difficulty judging the credibility of the information they see online. A Johns Hopkins University study finds that 41.2 percent of American college students admitted to having taken the news they saw on the Net at face value. Also contributing to this problem is the huge amount of information on the Web, which renders it virtually impossible to assess its trustworthiness. Not surprisingly,young people swallow what they read online hook, line and sinker.

Despite the concern, the Internet remains the most important source of information for young users. It is urgent that schools and colleges devote more efforts to developing critical thinking in students so as to improve their information literacy.(179 words)

語(yǔ)言亮點(diǎn)借鑒：

1. Currently there is a growing concern over young people’s inability to recognize false information on the Internet.現在人們越來(lái)越擔心年輕人不能辨別網(wǎng)上的虛假信息。

2. Lacking critical thinking is the main culprit. 缺乏批判思維是主要原因。the main culprit 罪魁禍首。

3. Young people today get little if any training in thinking critically at school. 如今的年輕人在學(xué)校里幾乎沒(méi)有受過(guò)批判思維的訓練。little if any 就算有也很少。

4. A Johns Hopkins University study finds that 41.2 percent of American college students admitted to having taken the news they saw on the Net at face value.約翰斯·霍普金斯大學(xué)的一項研究發(fā)現，41.2%的美國大學(xué)生承認自己輕信網(wǎng)絡(luò )新聞。take sth at face value 僅憑表象對……信以為真。

5. Not surprisingly, young people swallow what they read online hook, line and sinker.毫不奇怪，年輕人完全相信他們在網(wǎng)上讀到的東西。swallow sth hook, line and sinker 完全被某件事所欺騙。